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When most of us take a backward glance at the 1920s, we may think of prohibition and the jazz age, of movies stars and flappers, of Harold Lloyd and Mary Pickford, of Lindbergh and Hoover--and of Black Friday, October 29, 1929, when the plunging stock market ushered in the great depression.
But the 1920s were much more. Lynn Dumenil brings a fresh interpretation to a dramatic, important, and misunderstood decade. As her lively work makes clear, changing values brought an end to the repressive Victorian era; urban liberalism emerged; the federal bureaucracy was expanded; pluralism became increasingly important to America's heterogeneous society; and different religious, ethnic, and cultural groups encountered the homogenizing force of a powerful mass-consumer culture. The Modern Temper brings these many developments into sharp focus.
- Sales Rank: #355896 in Books
- Brand: Brand: Hill and Wang
- Published on: 1995-06-30
- Released on: 1995-06-30
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 8.26" h x 1.05" w x 5.41" l, .75 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 368 pages
- Used Book in Good Condition
From Publishers Weekly
Turning to the flip side of the '20s' flapper image, Dumenil looks at the darker side of the decade forming the "central motifs that have shaped the modern American temper." Between the end of WWI and the stock market crash, the aura of get-rich-quick prosperity overshadowed tensions resulting from the highly skewed distribution of wealth. The unfettered capitalism of the time is reflected by Calvin Coolidge, who said, "The man who builds a factory builds a temple. The man who works there, worships there." In 1920, for the first time, half the U.S. population lived in cities. While life grew more organized, complex and sexually liberated, the reaction increased, too. Capitalists fanned a Red Scare following the 1919 Bolshevik Revolution, forcing American reformers to confront this inflated fear along with homegrown poverty and racism. Dumenil points to the mass consumer culture, corporate mentality, job structure that eroded individual autonomy, assembly lines, intense special-interest lobbying in Washington and the fusion of sexuality with consumption as among the decade's legacies to later American culture. Readers may wish that Dumenil spent more time on countervailing radical forces (Rand School of Social Science; Scott Nearing; Max Eastman's The Masses; Industrial Workers of the World, the IWW) that contributed to the ferment of this formative era. Even so, she has captured the fire of this volcanic time and weaves together scores of social and political threads into an insightful overview.
Copyright 1995 Reed Business Information, Inc.
Review
“The Modern Temper is an engaging, stimulating, and thoughtful re-creation of one of our most interesting and complex decades. A wonderful accomplishment.” ―Lawrence W. Levine, George Mason University
“Lynn Dumenil's The Modern Temper provides an exciting and original synthesis of a crucial decade that few of us really understand. She makes the insights and confusions of the women and the men of the twenties come alive. This is an important book.” ―Ellen Dubois, University of California at Los Angeles
“Dumenil offers wealth of fresh insights on a fascinating decade. This illuminating study subtly recasts our understanding of an era whose tensions and stresses often uncannily parallel those of our own day.” ―Paul Boyer, University of Wisconsin
From the Back Cover
When most of us take a backward glance at the 1920's, we may think of prohibition and the jazz age, of movie stars and flappers, of Harold Lloyd and Mary Pickford, of Lindbergh and Hoover--and of Black Friday, October 29, 1929, when the plunging stock market ushered in the great depression. Lynn Dumenil brings a fresh interpretation to a dramatic, important, and misunderstood decade.
Most helpful customer reviews
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
This exceptionally boring book is a poorly and unnecessary attempt by a ...
By David M. Weitzman
This exceptionally boring book is a poorly and unnecessary attempt by a teacher of history to show, once again, “historian’s penchant for precise periodization,” which is precisely what this author waste her time, and ours, trying to do. As the quote from her book shows, the author believes in using a long word when short words with the same meaning would do, thinking perhaps this would add credibility and the appearance of scholarship to her writing.
Potential purchasers of this tedious compendium of words need to be warned that the words thrown together between the pretentious, meaningless title and the amateurish incompetent bibliography have no point, shed no light, and lead nowhere. There is not a single original insight, merely a hodge- podge of thrown together sentences selected from the works of unaccredited people.
7 of 8 people found the following review helpful.
Excellent Synthesis of the 1920s
By G. Hunt
This is an excellent synthesis of the 1920s. In The Modern Temper: American Culture and Society in the 1920s, Lynn Dumenil asks how Americans responded to the emerging modern society of the decade. Dumenil argues that Americans were excited about the rise of modernity but that they feared the changes.
During the 1920s, a debate emerged about the location of power; there was a decline in reform, an expansion of private influence in group politics, and a hostility towards federal intervention in the economy. The period saw the rise of consumer culture, leisure, and self-expression, but these characteristics did not come without tension. For example, Americans reacted negatively to the loss of autonomy at work while they projected key differences over race and class issues. But all embraced consumer culture. Interestingly, women were central to consumer culture as the "New Woman" symbolized modernity itself.
Modernity upset tradition and disrupted stability: some reveled in it while others resisted. The modern era brought about the `acids of modernity' (Walter Lippmann's phrase for the wide-ranging forces that necessitated new modes of thought), which undermined traditional ideas and old ways of understanding the universe, human nature, and human behavior, thus creating an atmosphere of uncertainty, instability, and anxiety. Acutely aware of the transformations taking place, many Americans resisted change while others modernized. Nevertheless, a schism between the new and the old was apparent and often pitted modern science and progress against religion and traditionalism, i.e. the Scopes Trial.
However, the culture of modernity eludes easy generalizations as Americans responded in diverse ways in their interpretation of the new era. Many "old stock" Americans (WASPs), and those representing middle class values, feared what they perceived as a loss of Anglo-American power and community in 1920s America. Linking non-conformist, "un-American" groups with their own negatively perceived aspects of modern society, traditionalists promoted conformity by targeting immigrants, socialists, labor unions, and the racial and religious "other," which they associated with radicalism, the crisis of the cities, and the breakdown of long-established communities. Through anti-radicalism, immigration restriction, prohibition, and the Ku Klux Klan, traditionalists sought to reassert their political and cultural hegemony in order to regain their perceived loss of power.
Finally, the crash of 1929 symbolized a get rich mentality of the era, but, according to Dumenil, that image obscures the tension of the period.
5 of 6 people found the following review helpful.
An Excellent History Book
By Endless Kitchen
Lynn Dumneil has a rare talent to blend accessible, pithy and sharp writing with the researching skills of a seasoned historian. Modern Temper addresses the liminality of the Roaring Twenties as the fizzling of two decades of progressives is met with a series of new social, political and cultural themes and trends. Why did reform shift to a desire for "normalcy"? This book details many of the backlashes, gerrymandering and shifts that still impact the U.S.A.'s composition.
Lynn Dumenil begins her book with a look at the changing public and private spheres of the 1920s. The fading Progressive movement approved of Wilson's proposed policies of regulating industrialization to prevent singular corporate dominance and protect the interests of the lower classes. As a result of successful Progressive regulation, the federal government expanded in both size and jurisdiction in order to implement regulations on food, working conditions, etc. There was a backlash against reformers, however, with the Red Scare associating Progressives with Bolshevisms and America had three straight presidents who sought a return to normalcy. With this traditionalism came nativist fear of immigrants and a fear of the federal government breaking local control over Jim Crow laws and the like. This coincided with a fusion of business and government with Charles N. Fay writing against government interruption of business and its fruits. Also rising were "business Progressives" who saw opportunities for reform within a corporate society. The progressive movement, the Great War experience and the re-organization of society created political lobbying which combined advertising and grassroots politics.
Dumenil's next chapter discusses the effects of the emerging consumer culture (expenditures of commercialized leisure such as sports, art, and cars) with the reinvention of work and its implications. Blue collar work was made more efficient with assembly line work in factories, with emphasis on routine and harsh supervision. The consumerism and leisure activities of this class included music, film and dance, and often original works and flavors from the working class allowed their individual expressions within their own entertainment. White collar jobs reflected the new middle class, now beyond the Victorian Age ideal, and an emphasis on education and theories of their trade (craft, entrepreneurship, etc.). In this culture, an attempt to harmonize new white collar work with individualism and self-improvement in the mind and body. Her third chapter focuses on the New Woman. The movement of modernist women began in the 1910s with the suffrage movement, organized with groups such as the National Woman's Party and fruitful with the Nineteenth Amendment.
The acids of modernity; the competition and clash between secular and pious viewpoints was spurred by recent scientific and philosophical findings. Among the intellectual elites, Einstein's ideas of dimension and Freud's understanding of the mind led to new ideologies and ideas. The Lost Generation (artist and writer expatriates in Europe) combined with the Harlem's Renaissance, the Southern Renaissance and jazz music to create a substantive counter-culture and pluralistic artistic movement in a Modernist tint in America. Outside art and bohemia was religion where a culture war of religious revival occurred. People of faith wanted a focus away from the material world and towards God, often in the form of literalist, fundamentalism. The Scopes Trial, a clash between creationism and evolution, is a national example of those who sought old time religion and those who wanted a humanitarian focused faith.
Her words really bring history to life and provide an easy but informative read. This is a book I am really privileged to have read. I recommend it for anyone interested in American history.
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